This book constitutes the proceedings of the Second International Conference on Optimization, Learning Algorithms and Applications, OL2A 2022, held in Bragança, Portugal, in October 2022. The 53 full papers and 3 short papers were thoroughly reviewed and selected from 145 submissions. They are organized in the topical sections on Machine and Deep Learning; Optimization; Artificial Intelligence; Optimization in Control Systems Design; Measurements with the Internet of Things; Trends in Engineering Education; Advances and Optimization in Cyber-Physical Systems; and Computer vision based on learning algorithms.