I. Introduction        1 II. (Trans)cultural memories of South Asian Partition        20 2.1. Concepts of (trans)cultural memory        20 2.2. Remembering South Asian Partition        26        2.2.1. Mediated memories of Partition        27        2.2.2. Transgenerational, gendered, and traumatic memories of Partition        29 III. Narratological approaches towards the representation of South Asian Partition        35 3.1. From narrative worlds towards world-making through narratives        37 3.2. Nexus between feminist theory and narratology        39 3.3. Gendered space, time, and narrative transmission in Partition fiction        41 IV. Oscillating between agency and victimhood: Indian women during colonial rule, independence movement and partition        47 4.1. Colonial India: women as bearer of traditions in need of social reforms        47 4.2. Independence movement: women as preservers of tradition mobilized for nationalist purposes        55        4.2.1. Sarojini Naidu: advocating Hindu-Muslim unity        57        4.2.2. Gandhi: mobilizing women for the cause of Indian independence        62        4.2.3. M.A. Jinnah: mobilizing Muslim women for the cause of Pakistan        67 4.3. Partition: women’s bodies as cultural markers turned into sites of violence        70 V. South Asian Partition Literature in Urdu        79 5.1. Victimization of the perpetrator: ٹھنڈا گوشت (trans.: “Cold Meat”)        88        5.1.1. Revenge upon the perpetrator        90        5.1.2. The confession of a perpetrator        91        5.1.3. “Cold Meat” in legal trouble        93 5.2. A mother’s refusal to leave her ‘roots’: جڑيں (trans.: “Roots”)        97        5.2.1. When India is operated upon        99        5.2.2. Amma: storekeeper of memories        101 5.3. Crossing the threshold of the house: آنگن (trans.: )        103        5.3.1. Kariman Bua: lamenting the forlorn past        105        5.3.2. Kusum: suffering social stigmatization        107        5.3.3. Aaliya: suffereing the burden of past memories        110 5.4. How many more Partitions? بستی (trans.: )        113        5.4.1. Zakir: caught between forgetting and remembering        117        5.4.2. Sabirah: the remembered one        121 VI. South Asian Partition Literature in English        125 6.1. Sikh martyrdom amidst Partition violence:        126        6.1.1. Set gender roles in Mano Majra        128        6.1.2. Nooran: when courage is punished        129        6.1.3. Haseena: when courage is rewarded        131        6.1.4. Sundari: the voiceless victim of Partition violence        132        6.1.5. Feminization of Hindu men        134 6.2. Negotiating gender, memory and history in Anita Desai’s        135        6.2.1. Family house as a memory evoking site        140        6.2.2. Healing trauma through acts of memory        143 6.3. Travelling purity:        145        6.3.1. The fragmented female body as a foreboding of Partition        148        6.3.2. Tracing 1947-Partition        149        6.3.3. Pakistan as the partitioned other of India        152        6.3.4. Indo-Pak War(s) as a legacy of Partition        155 6.4. Dismantling fixed notions of Partition:        156        6.4.1. Lenny: witnessing and narrating Partition        158        6.4.2. Ayah: enduring Partition violence        160 6.5. A post-amnesian generation looks back: Kartography        166        6.5.1. Familial and affiliative generational correspondence        167        6.5.2. Interactive spatial mapping of Karachi        174 VII. Conclusion        179 Bibliography        184